Live Attenuated Vaccine.
An
attenuated vaccine is a vaccine created by reducing the virulence of a
pathogen, but still keeping it viable (or "live"). Attenuation
takes an infectious agent and alters it so that it becomes harmless or less
virulent.
Inactivated
or killed Vaccine.
An
inactivated vaccine (or killed vaccine) consists of virus particles
which are grown in culture and then killed using a method such as heat or
formaldehyde. These viruses are grown under controlled conditions and are
rendered non-infectious as a means to reduce antigenicity. Large doses,
adjuvants, and multiple doses are required to confer immunity.
|
Sr. No.
|
Type of immunizing agents
|
Example
|
|
1.
|
Live attenuated bacterial vaccine
|
BCG
Typhoid (Oral)
Plague
|
|
2.
|
Live attenuated viral vaccines
|
Oral polio vaccine
Measles
MMR (measles, mumps, rubella)
Yellow fever
Rotavirus
|
|
3.
|
Inactivated or killed bacterial
vaccines
|
Diphtheria
Pertussis
Tetanus
Cholera
Typhoid
haemophilus influenzae
|
|
4.
|
Inactivated or killed vaccine
|
Polio (Salk vaccine)
Rabies
Hepatitis B
Influenza
Japanese encephalitis
|
|
5.
|
Inactivated or killed vaccines
against parasite
|
Plasmodium falciparum
Trypanosoma cruzi
Schistosoma mansoni
|
|
6.
|
Bacterial Toxoids
|
Diphtheria
Tetanus
|
|
7.
|
Human Immunoglobulin
|
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Measles
Mumps
Rabies
Diphtheria
Tetanus
|
|
8.
|
Non-human immunoglobulin (Antisera)
|
Diphtheria
Tetanus
Rabies
Botulism
|
